Mathematically, a contour line is a curve in two dimensions on which the value of a function f (x, y) is a constant. It is a plane section of the three-dimensional graph of the function f parallel to the-plane. This may be easier to determine by examining the tributaries to the main stream. If you trace the length of a line with your finger, each point you touch is the same height above sea level. The peak is normally considered to be located at half the interval distance. Explain how you made this decision. within the sequence is a distinctive clay layer that under closer inspection is fine grained volcanic ash. Lay a strip You will receive a link and will create a new password via email. Figure 4: Reading Contour Maps . What happens when the lithosphere at point X is heated to 1500 C? How are the tops of hills, mountains or depressions (dips) shown on a topographic map? What type of drainage pattern is present in this area? In most maps, every fifth contour line is an index contour. Answer the following questions about these waypoints, based on your best guess estimate of the elevation of each waypoint. 1 What is the contour interval on this map? (measure the distance across the Pacific at 40 degrees north latitude- basically measure between Northern California and North Korea)? The figure above illustrates various topographic features. For example, if your map scale is 1 inch = 50 ft, then one inch on your graphs y-axis should only represent 50ft of elevation. What is the relationship between the relief of an area and the contour interval on a map of he area? The commonly used contour interval is 20 feet for a 1:24,000 map scale. on the paper the exact place where each contour, stream and hill top crosses -- - . the "V" points to the area of higher elevation or upstream. It will take approx. Using a contour interval of 40 m, label the elevation of every contour line on the map below. Transcribed image text: Refer to the hydrologic map in Figure 14.5. https://openpress.usask.ca/app/uploads/sites/52/2018/08/SKtopomap_v2.pdf. on a map that are produced from connecting points of equal elevation (elevation Sorry, you do not have permission to ask a question, You must log in to ask a question. through a particular interval. Considering the map, the following steps are used to calculate the contour intervals calculation as follows . - Table 8 . Given that San Francisco is located on the North American Plate and Los Angles is located on the Pacific Plate, are these two cities getting closer together or farther apart over time? The outside of the fiberglass is maintained at 35C35^{\circ} \mathrm{C}35C, and the total heat flow through the copper-fiberglass combination is 52kW52 \mathrm{~kW}52kW. Line 1 starts with the contour interval, not the projection point. Contour lines The difference between Contour intervals and Horizontal Equivalent are tabulated below: Contour Lines and Its Types, Characteristics and Uses in Surveying. Biology, 22.06.2019 02:10. From the contour map, a profile can be drawn of the terrain. So contour interval = 790 m-780 m=10 m. For further query, add a comment. The elevation at sea level is zero meters. Set up the cancellation table so all units will cancel, except the desired unit, feet. By using a ruler, you can transfer these elevation points from your topographic map straight down onto your graph paper such as shown in Figure 3.6. Upon adding divalent ions, she could regain 70S70 S70S particles, but never 1005 or 1305 particles. When we hold a ruler to the y-axis of the topographic profile in Figure 3.6, we see that 0.5 inches = 50ft, which means 1 inch = 100ft on the vertical scale. Answer: B. Describe how you decided on an estimated elevation for points A and E. c. Is the elevation of waypoint A > (greater than) or < (less than) waypoint E? Now difference between 7100 and 7000 is 7100 7000 = 100. 3. 1. A higher contour interval is used for a large area and small contour interval for small area. (1 pt) Examining your map, you will see there is a black line that outlines a rectangle that takes up most of the map area. A. Contour the water table data, using a contour interval of 10ft. How far did the pole move? The rock that most closely resembles the composition of continental crust based on the description in the previous section is: Based on the choice you made for question 15, what is the density of the rocks that make up continental crust? look at a map of the Sulphur-Boundary Creek area along the Middle Fork of the At 500 degrees Celsius, rocks will be buried to about _______ km depth. For small scale maps covering a wide area of varying terrain, For rough topographical map meant for initial assessment only, If a detailed map is to be prepared for execution work, If the ground has large variation in levels, for instance, hills and ponds, No measurement or scaling is required since the contour levels are indicated on the contour lines, The distance must be measured on the map and converted to actual distance by multiplying with the scale of the map, In a given map the contour interval is a constant, The horizontal equivalent varies with slope. Given that this portion of the Australian plate moves at a speed of 2.2 inches per year, how old are the snake fossils? The distance between these areas is ~1.6 miles (measured along the curving distance of the non-magnified stream). All contour lines are spaced at a 20 m contour interval. They also show some features made by people such as brodges. A simple diagram is shown below on the left. (5 pts) 7. There are fossils such as Glossopteris and Lystrosaurus that are found in rocks in South America and Africa that indicate they were part of Pangaea approximately 200 million years ago. Closely spaced What is the latitude on the northern edge of this rectangle? submergence and deposition of sedimentary layers 10-13. based on the assemblage of organisms (A-I) in this sample, what is the age of this rock. As contour intervals are for the calculation of vertical elevation of an area, same way to calculate the horizontal distance it is termed as Horizontal Equivalent. At what depth will the dry mantle rock at point X begin to melt if it is uplifted closer to Earth's surface and its temperature remains the same? Adjacent means next to. The difference between adjacent contour lines. b. as sinkholes, underlying soluble rock was dissolved and area collapsed. Contour plots with Excel and Matplotlib Select the XYZ data arranged as a single range (Range I4:N8 in the data screenshot below). To show different features of Earth's surface. from the highest, and dividing the result by the horizontal distance. What type of bedrock is present in this area? Go back to the location in Google Earth that you examined for question 36 (46 55 25.66 N 152 01 25.17 E). To determine the elevation of a point on a topographic map: The highest point of the rim of the crater is about 350. What type of drainage pattern would this area represent? Absolutley amazing app and would definitely recommend. a stream or river and dividing the distance (in miles) into the vertical difference Usually there are different contour intervals for the different maps. Then, find the difference in elevation between the two points. topographic profiles: Remember that topographic maps represent Scale: Maps come in a variety of scales, covering areas ranging from for Interpreting Topographic Maps than 6760 feet, but less than 6800 feet. Why is this so? pressing down on the middle mouse wheel and moving the mouse forward and What can be said about level surfaces of \varphi? They also show elevation. As a rule, hilltops will be slightly rounded to show a slight increase in elevation to represent the crest of the hill, but be careful not to draw the hilltoptoo high on your graph paper. be found. Use the index contour just above the "m" in Temple Canyon for your initial spot. Salmon River This map is a geologic map of glacial geology in the area, drawn Contour lines rules: 1. Gradient: Stream gradient can also be determined from a topographic 3. Write your answer in feet. Contour interval calculator - A contour interval in surveying is the vertical distance or the difference in the elevation between the two contour lines in a. . The lines point toward the center of the depression. how old is the sequence of rocks. Q. The final answer we get after dividing is the contour interval of the specific topographical map. Definition of Contour: A contour or a contour line may be defined as the line of intersection of a level surface with the surface of ground. Point D is marked at 10,000 elevation and the next label is marked as 10,500 elevation. Topographic 46, black arrow). Complete this map by adding in contour lines using a contour interval of 100 m. Draw the contour lines so that they are continuous: they will either continue to the edge of the map or form an enclosed circle. Q. (1 pt) Mount Price is located next to Garibaldi Lake (just west of Table Bay, Figure 7-E9 above). which organism was the most useful in coming to this conclusion (best fossil index), which organism was the least useful in coming to this conclusion (worst index), how much of the parent isotope would be remaining after 7 half lives have passed, if a radiometric element has a half life of 425 yrs, how old would a rock be that only had 3.125% of the parent isotope remaining, based on your graph approximately how much of the parent isotope would be remaining after 3.5 half lives, based on your graph above approximately how many half lives have passed when only 35% of the parent isotope is remaining, an archeologist finds some cloth at a burial site and wants to determine the age of the remains. What would cause two separate samples of pure water to have slightly different pH\mathrm{pH}pH values? Calculate the stream gradient of Grape Creek in ft/mile. Does your topographic profile show any peaks or valleys? How fast was the Pacific plate moving from 7.2 million years ago to 4.7 million years ago between the formation of Kauai and Nihoa in cm/year? 8,194,375 years to sink. Stream channels radiate outwards like wheel spokes from a high point. On a topographic map, a contour line is a line that depicts ground elevation or depression. For consistency, assume that elevations between contour lines are 1/2 a contour interval higher than elevation of the lower line. To illustrate what these hills look like in profile (or, how they would look if you saw them while standing on the ground and looking at them from a distance), you can draw what is known as a topographic profile. Use the topographic map (Fig. What features would you expect to occur at this type of boundary? (2 pts) What is the relief on this map? MATLAB automatically selects the contour lines to display. If the counter interval is 10 feet, which hill (a,b,c) when viewed from the base is 40 feet tall? In what general direction is the Pacific Plate moving? The. Step 1. a. amacrine cells b. photoreceptors c. bipolar cells d. retinal ganglion cells, In Figure 1.8, which of the following rock layers is. A thumbnail version of the map is shown in Figure 7-E10, a larger copy is provided at the back of this lab manual, and your TA will provide you with a full-scale version of the map in lab. Contour lines that are close together show what type of slope? The small contour interval, the survey work and plotting have to be more accurate. Comparable to figure 8 D-F in ref. index contour lines are generally darker and are marked with their elevations. The equation used is: Tips 17. A red "X" in Figure 9.5 marks a spot on a contour line along the shore of Baskahegan Lake, but the printed DEM doesn't say anything about its elevation. To construct a profile, you need graph paper, a ruler, and a pencil. The direction of plate movement in the last 1.1 million years. According to the geothermal gradient, rocks buried 75 km beneath the surface would normally be at what temperature? How far apart are North America and Mainland Asia in cm? Low gradient and abundant sediment supply. Remember, because of isostasy the denser plate will be lower than the less dense plate. We also acknowledge previous National Science Foundation support under grant numbers 1246120, 1525057, and 1413739. Transcribed image text: Difference of annual-mean surface zonal wind stress (N m 2) computed as the simulation with flattened topography (FLAT) minus control (ALL) from ref. Start climbing from the foot of a hill toward the top, this is called a rising slope (see Fig. Example 1- In the graphic below, what is the vertical distance between the contour lines? What is the change in elevation across each contour interval (i.e., between successive "regular" contours) on this map? It is usually shown in or near the map's legend. This makes reading the map easier. Refer to the figure below. along a line drawn through a portion of a topographic map. At the point where 2 contour lines would cross would have 2 different elevations which is impossible. This plate boundary isn't as simple as the previous examples, meaning another nearby plate boundary directly influences it. of a hill (or hills). The image to the left shows a perspective view of a river mouth at the head of a valley between a steep cliff (to the left) and a smoother slope (to the right). (3 pts) Based on the scale chosen for you for the topography (vertical axis), calculate the amount of vertical exaggeration on the topographic profile you constructed for question 4. USGS topographic maps also show many other kinds of geographic features including roads, railroads, rivers, streams, lakes, boundaries, place or feature names, mountains, and much more. . For example, if you wanted to do a contour line drawing of a pear, you'd simply draw the outline of the pear, add a stem, and stop there. The other side is covered with a layer of fiberglass 2.5cm2.5 \mathrm{~cm}2.5cm thick. A high relief. If you examine the graph showing the topographic profile in Figure 3.6, can you imagine what would happen to your profile if we changed the spacing for elevations on the y-axis? Write your estimates for the elevation at each waypoint next to the waypoint. Contour lines tend to enclose the smallest areas on ridge tops, which are often narrow or very limited in spatial extent. The rendition of this topography as an isoline (contour) map from an overhead perspective is shown directly below. If the numbers associated with specific contour lines are increasing, the elevation of the terrain is also increasing. Index contours are bold or thicker lines that appear at every fifth contour line. We further visualize the globally normalized responses of each convolution filter on the image of grating interval 6 in Figure 5 B. which Geologic Law did you use to come to the conclusion you made in the previous question? nervous system and circulatory system endocrine and repertory system circulatory and respiratory systems nervous system and endocrine systems . Contour Lines What factors control the course of this river? Assume that water flowed through these valleys at some time. None of these. Measure in centimeters the distance (Map Length) between the two points you recorded in the previous question. (Answer to the nearest foot.) characteristics of contour lines: 1. The map has a contour interval of forty feet, Which of the following lakes has a shoreline that is most likely at an elevation between 10,240 and 10,320 feet above sea level? It is determined as follows: Let's take an example of two contour lines which are labelled. (5 pts) Figure 7-E4 shows five waypoints (A, B, C, D, and E) on a topographic map. When the contour interval is not specified in the map, it can be calculated as explained in the following sections. Creating 40 feet. (b) Notice how a mountain saddle, a ridge, a stream, a steep area, and a flat area are shown with contour lines. A contour line is a line drawn on a topographic map to indicate ground elevation or depression. elevation of each index contour line. What is the relief between the surface of East Musquash Lake and the intersection between U.S. Route 1 and Maine Route 6 in Topsfield? To illustrate what these hills look like in profile (or, how they would look if you saw them while standing on the ground and looking at them . How far did the pole move in meters in one year during this time period? What type of stream drainage pattern is present on this map? Lines: Contour lines are used to determine elevations and are lines What is the latitude for this monument? TAs names: _______________ _______________. think about the drainage pattern you selected in the previous answer - what does this tell you about the underlying rocks? Based on the assemblage of organisms (A-I) in this sample, what is the age of this rock? Each contour line shows a different elevation. Notice the general shape of this feature. Now calculate the difference between the two-selected index contour line selected from a map. Consider the ages and positions of the islands listed above along with what you know about plate tectonics and hotspots. You are tasked with creating your own coastal topographic map, so you hike around a coastal area with a GPS receiver (Global Positioning System) and every so often you record your position along with the elevation in metres at that point, which results in the map below (Map 7-E5). The number of lines obtained in the above step is taken and added with 1. (5 pts) Construct a topographic profile for the map inFigure 7-E6 from position A to A on the graph paper provided in Figure 7-E6 below. What Is Contour Interval? They are usually mapped with small contour intervals. (1 pt) Contour intervals located on this map are few and far between. Figure 3. Chapter 3 Topographic Maps by Karen Tefend and Bradley Deline, CC BY-SA 4.0. First, we compute the activation . Taking the area to be mapped, contour intervals are considered. Therefore, if you print it out in black and white please refer back to the electronic copy to avoid confusion. Determining Contour lines that are very close together indicate a steep slope. trend up valleys and form a "V" or a "U" where they cross Step 3. Each contour line shows a different elevation. Apply the principle of conservation of angular momentum to determine the direction a spacecraft will rotate if an internal gyroscope begins to rotate in the counterclockwise direction. of paper along a line across the area where the profile is to be constructed. Betwe View the full answer Transcribed image text: What is the contour interval for the figure below? Please give your answer in grams/milliliter. On this map, what is the change in elevation between two adjacent index contour lines? (1 pt) What is the longitude along the eastern edge of this rectangle? If you were standing in the middle on the intermost contour line hill "c", your elevation would be. 2. Suppose that (x,y,z)=i+k\nabla \varphi(x, y, z)=\mathbf{i}+\mathbf{k}(x,y,z)=i+k. Give the elevation of the highest and lowest contour lines as well as the difference between them. It is usually every fifth line that indicates a change in elevation. The given point, 537', therefore, must lie between the 520' and 540' contours (contours aand b). Its Calculation, Uses and When it is Required, Factors Affecting the Selection of Contour Interval. A topographic map is a precise, graphic representation of the three-dimensional shape of the earth's surface. contour lines, the steeper the slope. For the following exercises, please refer to British Columbia Topographic Map 092G095 of the Mount Garibaldi area in southern BC. Why do you think then that only a 1-2 drops of indicator is used in an acid-base titration? Description. Both A and B (20-2900 Km and 2900-5100 Km). Would the recurrence interval for this flood plot at: Is it possible that a flood with a similar discharge to that of the event from 9/23/2009 could happen again in the next 20 years? How far (in Km) did the pole move in one year during this time period? Do Pole movements seem to be steady every 100 years or variable? Your contour lines will generally fall between the GPS points on your map, so you will need to estimate many of the contour line positions. any point by finding the nearest labeled line, counting the number of lines Thus, ais 520'; bis 540'. If the user enters 3.14 in response to the following programming statement, what will be stored in value? Index contours are prominent or dense lines that bob up at every 5th isometric line. 40 feet - 20 feet = 20 feet Using the surrounding contour lines, what is the approximate elevation of Deadmans Lake? The intersection between the landscape and the horizontal paper marks the location of the contour lines on a two-dimensional map. The LibreTexts libraries arePowered by NICE CXone Expertand are supported by the Department of Education Open Textbook Pilot Project, the UC Davis Office of the Provost, the UC Davis Library, the California State University Affordable Learning Solutions Program, and Merlot. For all of the following figures, assume north is at the top of the map, and south at the bottom. Once your points are plotted on the graph paper, you simply connect the dots. You want to have the y-axis of the graph paper represent the elevations of the contour lines that intersect your drawn line (line A-B in this case). For example, if a location point is between the 150 feet and 200 feet contour lines than the elevation is 175 feet (1/2 of 50 feet is 25 feet; 25 feet added to 150=175 feet). Index contours are bold or thicker lines that appear at every fifth contour line. How contour lines show a pair of small hills The terms below Make sure to zoom out to get a good view of the relevant features.

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